Types of the Natives of New Zealand, Antique Wahlen Costume Print, 1843-1844

An original antique wood engraving of Maori of New Zealand, an ethnographic costume print from Auguste Wahlen's Moeurs, usages et costumes de tous les peuples du monde, published in Brussels between 1843 and 1844. The plate is lettered "Types des naturels de la Nouvelle Zélanda", the older French form of New Zealand, and the people it sets out to show are Maori. By the early 1840s New Zealand had been visited by sealers, whalers, traders and missionaries for half a century, and the French voyages of Duperrey, Dumont d'Urville and their draughtsmen had supplied Europe with most of the Maori imagery then in circulation, so a Brussels compiler assembling a costume book had a considerable stock of earlier plates to draw on. The word types in the caption is the period's own vocabulary and is worth reading carefully: it signals that the sheet was made to stand for a people rather than to portray named individuals.

Moeurs, usages et costumes de tous les peuples du monde was published in Brussels by Auguste Wahlen at the Librairie Historique-Artistique between 1843 and 1844. The four volumes set out to describe the dress, customs, occupations and social divisions of the peoples of Europe, Asia, Africa, the Americas and Oceania, drawing on travel narratives, earlier costume books and other sources then treated as authoritative, and they carried approximately one hundred and ninety to two hundred plates, the count varying between copies and editions.

Wahlen was the publisher and compiler rather than the artist; where a name such as Duverger, Pannemaker, Mercier, Lisbet, Markaert or Vermorcken appears on a sheet it belongs to the illustrator or the engraver, and no artist is attributed here without one.

The plates are wood engravings on paper. The images should be read as a nineteenth century European interpretation of the cultures they show rather than as a documentary record, which is a large part of what makes the series interesting to historians of the period. The sheet is uncolored, as issued, and the wood engraving prints with the crisp line and even tone that suits a simple mount and a plain frame. Plates from this series group well, and a set of four or six drawn from the Oceania section hangs better together than a single sheet on its own.

The sheet is in good condition for its age, with light toning and a few small spots confined to the margins; the image itself is clean and strong.

This is an original antique print, not a modern reproduction. This item is sold unframed.